Climate Change and Emissions Impacts on Atmospheric PAH Transport to the Arctic

Joint Program Reprint • Journal Article
Climate Change and Emissions Impacts on Atmospheric PAH Transport to the Arctic
Friedman, C.L., Y. Zhang and N.E. Selin (2013)
Environmental Science and Technology, online first, doi: 10.1021/es403098w

Reprint 2013-30 [Download]

Abstract/Summary:

We investigate effects of 2000–2050 emissions and climate changes on the atmospheric transport of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): phenanthrene (PHE), pyrene (PYR), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). We use the GEOS-Chem model coupled to meteorology from a general circulation model and focus on impacts to northern hemisphere midlatitudes and the Arctic. We project declines in anthropogenic emissions (up to 20%) and concentrations (up to 37%), with particle-bound PAHs declining more, and greater declines in midlatitudes versus the Arctic. Climate change causes relatively minor increases in midlatitude concentrations for the more volatile PHE and PYR (up to 4%) and decreases (3%) for particle-bound BaP. In the Arctic, all PAHs decline slightly under future climate (up to 2%). Overall, we observe a small 2050 “climate penalty” for volatile PAHs and “climate benefit” for particle-bound PAHs. The degree of penalty or benefit depends on competition between deposition and surface-to-air fluxes of previously deposited PAHs. Particles and temperature have greater impacts on future transport than oxidants, with particle changes alone accounting for 15% of BaP decline under 2050 emissions. Higher temperatures drive increasing surface-to-air fluxes that cause PHE and PYR climate penalties. Simulations suggest ratios of more-to-less volatile species can be used to diagnose signals of climate versus emissions and that these signals are best observed in the Arctic.

© 2013 American Chemical Society

Citation:

Friedman, C.L., Y. Zhang and N.E. Selin (2013): Climate Change and Emissions Impacts on Atmospheric PAH Transport to the Arctic. Environmental Science and Technology, online first, doi: 10.1021/es403098w (http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es403098w)
  • Joint Program Reprint
  • Journal Article
Climate Change and Emissions Impacts on Atmospheric PAH Transport to the Arctic

Friedman, C.L., Y. Zhang and N.E. Selin

2013-30
online first, doi: 10.1021/es403098w

Abstract/Summary: 

We investigate effects of 2000–2050 emissions and climate changes on the atmospheric transport of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): phenanthrene (PHE), pyrene (PYR), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). We use the GEOS-Chem model coupled to meteorology from a general circulation model and focus on impacts to northern hemisphere midlatitudes and the Arctic. We project declines in anthropogenic emissions (up to 20%) and concentrations (up to 37%), with particle-bound PAHs declining more, and greater declines in midlatitudes versus the Arctic. Climate change causes relatively minor increases in midlatitude concentrations for the more volatile PHE and PYR (up to 4%) and decreases (3%) for particle-bound BaP. In the Arctic, all PAHs decline slightly under future climate (up to 2%). Overall, we observe a small 2050 “climate penalty” for volatile PAHs and “climate benefit” for particle-bound PAHs. The degree of penalty or benefit depends on competition between deposition and surface-to-air fluxes of previously deposited PAHs. Particles and temperature have greater impacts on future transport than oxidants, with particle changes alone accounting for 15% of BaP decline under 2050 emissions. Higher temperatures drive increasing surface-to-air fluxes that cause PHE and PYR climate penalties. Simulations suggest ratios of more-to-less volatile species can be used to diagnose signals of climate versus emissions and that these signals are best observed in the Arctic.

© 2013 American Chemical Society